ABSTRACT
Aim: To study useful variability generated in an inter-specific hybrid between cultivated sunflower inbred (ARM-243B) and silver leaf sunflower, H. argophyllus (ARG-2126) through cytomorphological traits and hybrid confirmation by molecular markers.Methodology: The present study on hybridization was undertaken using cultivated sunflower inbred (ARM-243B) and silver leaf sunflower H. argophyllus (ARG-2126). Thirty one morphological characters were recorded of cultivated sunflower (ARM-243B), H. argophyllus (ARG-2126) and inter-specific hybrid. A total of 50 PMCs were analysed for cytological observations. 62 SSR primers were used for molecular characterisation and hybridity confirmation in inter-specific hybrid. Results: Considerable variability was observed in inter-specific hybrid, with common traits including branched stems, anthocyanin coloration in petiole and disk florets, leaf petioles, and stems etc. Cytological abnormalities and reduction in pollen fertility indicated that generated inter-specific hybrid was true type. Out of sixty two SSR primers, nineteen showed parental polymorphism. ORS-1021 showed 10 bp allelic variation in inter-specific hybrid in a co-dominant manner and, hence, was used for hybrid confirmation. Interpretation: The results of this investigation showed that inter-specific hybridization between cultivated sunflower and H. argophyllus and transfer of desirable traits into cultivated sunflower is possible.
ABSTRACT
AIMS/OBJECTIVES: Over the last several decades, it has become amply evident that oxidative stress plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of coronary artery atherosclerosis and its complications. Relatively recent studies have demonstrated an association between increased oxidative stress and coronary artery disease. We therefore undertook this study to see the effect of free radical nitric oxide in patients with premature cardiovascular disease. METHODS AND RESULTS: The study included 50 individuals with premature coronary artery disease aged below 45 years, and 50 age- and sex-matched normal individuals for comparison. Free radical nitric oxide was estimated using the Griess reagent as previously described. Mean plasma nitric oxide was found to be high in the patient group as compared to the control group, which was found to be statistically significant at p > 0.0001. CONCLUSION: Increased NO production was present in the plasma of patients with premature coronary artery disease individuals as compared to normal controls. Since NO seems to have a role in tissue damage, high concentrations of NO could have probably given rise to the said clinical manifestations. Further studies are needed in this context as to whether the changed lifestyles in the young individuals or the type of occupation is leading to the oxidative stress and thereby to the disease.